Abstract Guidelines & Template

• • The abstract should be written in clear English (United Kingdom) with accurate grammar and spelling, with black font, size 11, Arial, single spacing.
  • Title in Bold (font size 11, Arial).
  • Full names of authors and co-authors should be used (font size 11, Arial).
  • Use superscript numbers to match authors and institutions (font size 11, Arial).
  • Authors’ affiliation must include Department, Faculty, and University (if applicable) (font size 11, Arial).
  • Abstract text should be divided into the following sections: 
    • Background: A brief description of the background of the study.
    • Objectives: Objective of the study.
    • Methods: A brief description of the materials and experimental method used. 
    • Results: The results should relate to the observations and/or data collected during the experiment/study. It should be concise and informative, with only the most important results included. 
    • Conclusion: A summary of the essential results that are demonstrated by the data collected.  It should also briefly state the implications of these results. 
    • Keywords: Only 3-5 keywords are accepted.
  • Total words not exceeding 250 words. The word count excludes title, author(s), and keywords. 
  • The whole document should fit on one side of A4. 
  • All authors should review and approve the abstract before submission, and all the information in the abstract must be correct.  
  • The content of the abstract cannot be modified or corrected after being accepted; no amendment, changes or additions whatsoever to the abstract text, authors (either first authors or co-authors), or affiliations are permitted. Please take great care to ensure that no mistakes are made. 

Note: Please use the provided TEMPLATE to ensure full compliance with the guidelines